1/31/2024 0 Comments Fugu expressHaving received the first Portuguese missionary to ever show up on Japanese shores, Francisco Xavier, Sorin had converted to Christianity. ![]() It's a good place to ruminate a bit about the history of both the fish and Usuki.įrom here, in the mid-1500's, Usuki daimyo Otomo Sorin sent his samurai out to fight neighboring clans. Though it's not exactly spectacular, you get a good view of the harbor and out to the sea from there. ![]() Don't miss the ruin of Usuki Castle close to the city center. Go to the historic samurai area, visit the beautiful Ryugenji pagoda, pedal through the quiet, ancient streets. He will give you the key for one of the yellow tourist bikes they keep there. Ask the ticket seller at the train station for a free bicycle. Usuki is famous for its real ancient stone Buddha sculpturesīut before you entrust your life to the cook, you might want to do some sightseeing. Stone Buddha replica in front of Usuki Station. There are plenty of restaurants operating on levels between these extremes - this small town is home to more than 20 fugu eateries. Usuki is a beautiful old samurai castle town, where whole areas have survived almost unscathed from the Edo times or even before and it offers a variety of fugu restaurants that ranges from the exclusive: the Yamadaya whose Tokyo branch has three Michelin stars (and that's only the Tokyo outlet!) to pretty basic lunchtime specials where you can have an easy but still quite enjoyable fugu lunch for about 3000 yen. One perfect destination might be Usuki in Oita Prefecture. The fugu is a creature of the south of Japan and you should head in this direction for a fine fugu meal. There are ways and places to enjoy even the potentially most deadly parts of the fish in (near) perfect safety and without burning a hole in your pocket - especially in winter, the traditional season for the fish. Others are just afraid of the tab - fugu doesn't come cheap.įear not. ![]() Fugu, the fabled poisonous blowfish, still manages to scare a lot of people off from even trying its fabulous taste.
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1/31/2024 0 Comments The batman whi laughs![]() ![]() Three days later, Batgirl, Nightwing, Red Hood and Red Robin were training in the Batcave and talked to Bruce about his worsening condition. When Superman mentioned how one of the children bit one of the doctors, Batman let out a small laugh which surprised both of them. Labs branch in Metropolis had agreed to take care of all the kids who had been infected by the Joker Venom. Though he felt no guilt, he affirmed that he was not planning to make killing a regular thing. Two days after the murder of the Joker, Batman and Superman talked about what had happened. Unbeknownst to Batman though, the Joker exhaled a toxin contained in his heart, which infected anyone close to him if he died. ![]() According to the Joker, he did this in order to create a hybrid of both Batman and the Joker.īatman eventually regained movement and, so traumatized and angry over what he had witnessed, grabbed the Joker and broke his neck. The Joker bombed a hospital in front of Bruce and, to make it personal, shot dead the parents of many young children in front of him before proceeding to inject the children with an incurable, irreversible strain of Joker Venom. īatman was later drugged by Joker, temporarily paralyzing his body but not his mind, so he could witness the chaos he caused without being able to do anything about it. The Joker also killed Batman's friend Commissioner Jim Gordon, who accidentally sprung an acid trap in his notebook and melted his face off. He murdered all of Batman's enemies including the Penguin, Catwoman, Killer Croc and the Ventriloquist. Joker's AttackĮverything went sideways for Batman when the Joker started a killing spree across Gotham City the clown had discovered that he was dying from the same chemicals that had turned him into what he was and wanted to take everyone with him. When the Lex Luthor of his world decided to become a hero and tried to convince the League to let him join, Batman was the only one to oppose his acceptance, as he knew Luthor didn't really believe in being a hero but only was interested in himself. Vowing vengeance against crime, he trained for years and became the hero Batman, fighting super villains in Gotham City.īatman took on many sidekicks as a vigilante, including Batgirl, Nightwing, Red Hood and Red Robin, as well as a son he had sired named Damian Wayne.īruce was a member of the Justice League. When he was a boy, Bruce Wayne watched his parents get murdered in an alleyway. ![]() The story of the Batman of Earth -22 was not much different from that of any other version of the Caped Crusader. The Batman Who Laughs continued on with his own plans, eventually acquiring cosmic power and becoming a threat bigger than Perpetua. He convinced Perpetua, the creator of the multiverse, to choose him as her lieutenant over Lex Luthor as his ego limited his vision. He is a lieutenant of Barbatos and the leader of the Dark Knights during the first Dark Multiverse invasion and, later, the infected heroes of the Secret Six. The Batman Who Laughs was Bruce Wayne from Earth -22 of the Dark Multiverse. HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA! - The Batman Who Laughs src To win, you need to adapt, and to adapt, you need to be able to laugh away all the restraints. The answers that are so clear to me now with victory right around the corner. I was trapped in an unwinnable war, refusing to see the obvious answers right in front of me. When I was Bruce Wayne, I thought that with enough preparation, I would always win. 1/31/2024 0 Comments Steel armor blaze of war mod![]() ![]() There are currently more than 10,000 Fallout 4 mode in the Bethesda catalog. This is too much and can be difficult for those just starting their journey to the Commonwealth. We want to help you get things right by showing you the best Fallout 4 PS4 modes we’ve encountered while playing. Ps4 Fallout 4 Best Modsīefore you get on the list of thePs4 Fallout 4 Best Mods modifications, keep in mind that the PS4 Fallout 4 modifications are more limited than the modifications because PS4 mode manufacturers cannot use external resources. We do not expect anything to change at this time. ![]() His hands may be tied, but don’t despair. There are some great modifications to the PS4 Fallout 4, and the list continues to grow as we get more. Due to restrictions imposed by Sony, the developers of Pcs have released a very limited version of the console modification, especially the PS4 modification scene, which can evolve under better conditions. However, there are many quality products available under the PS4 umbrella, so I searched for those awkward and tightly regulated waters and found 8 diamonds. To clarify, modifying the computer is the best and most obvious choice for Fallout 4. This list belongs to the poor who suffer from the painful limitations of the Ps4 Fallout 4 Best Mods. My favorite Ps4 Fallout 4 Best Mods is a simple gum pad that turns a colorless former desert into a more open, apocalyptic environment that glows green to match those grays. The modification is designed to improve the appearance of the card and reduce its impact on FPS. Given its popularity, the developers of ANDREWCX have done a great job. 1/31/2024 0 Comments Flutter sqliteA schema is not enforced as is the case with a relational database. NoSQL - these databases store data as documents. SQLite is an example of a relational database. They don’t just store data but also the relationships between the data. Relational - these are the databases in the traditional sense. They typically fit into these three categories: There are a lot of options out there today when it comes to databases in your application. But which is the best database for Flutter? Lewis Cianci checks it out. Var path = join(directory.No matter who you are or what you do, sooner or later you’re going to need to store data in your app and then retrieve it later. Var directory = await getApplicationDocumentsDirectory() Import 'package:path_provider/path_provider.dart' database_connection.dart import 'package:sqflite/sqflite.dart' This class will take care to create SQLite database db_crud, table users and setDatabase() method is to return database connection. Now, under the lib folder, create another folder called db_helper and inside of it create a class called Database Connection. In this User Class we are going to use four fields as per the table design and userMap() method is use to convert field to map for data operation. We can use this class type to transfer data between UI (main.dart) and other Database Class then we have to create a class called User which will contain different fields related to a notes source code below libĭb_helper database_connection.dart repository.dart model User.dart screens AddUser.dart EditUser.dart ViewUsers.dart services UserService.dart main.dart Creating the Model Classīefore creating the CRUD operations, we need to add a model. We should create the directories and file as per the below project structure. Below is the structure of the table: Column We are going to create an SQLite database called db_crud.db. While writing this article the dependencies and its version below.Īfter adding the dependencies then click pub get link to update the dependencies in our flutter project its returns Process finished with exit code 0. You can find the latest version of the dependencies in. Under dependencies, add the latest version of sqflite and path_provider. In your project go to pubspec.yaml and look for dependencies. Hence, you cannot replace one with the other, if you need to use both, that's it, just use both of them. To compare these two, packages have different purpose - path to actually "work" with paths while path_provider, well, provide you with the exact path to resources based on OS. downloads, temporary files, application documents are stored in different places based on the OS (obviously, file structure in Android is different than in iOS, Windows, Linux, etc.). ![]() Path_provider is dedicated to more specific OS operations, e.g. Path is a package to manipulate paths: join them, convert to absolute, add prefixes, get path info and so on. Not all methods are supported on all platforms. Supports Android, iOS, Linux, macOS and Windows. DB operation executed in a background thread on iOS and Android.Ī Flutter plugin for finding commonly used locations on the filesystem.Helpers for insert/query/update/delete queries.Automatic version management during open. ![]() While it’s not a first-party plugin, it’s recommended in the official Flutter cookbook. Sqflite is a Flutter plugin for SQLite, a self-contained, high-reliability, embedded, SQL database engine. Sqflite is packages for connecting to SQLite databases in Flutter. ![]() For this article, we will be using the package Sqflite to connect with SQLite. All the data is saved to a text file in the device. SQLite does not require a server or backend code. SQLite is an open source relational database, it is used to create a database, perform different operation like add, delete, and remove data and one of the most popular ways to store data locally. A computer with Flutter with Android Studio installed or VS Code.A basic knowledge about Flutter and SQLite.In order to fully understand the example, you should have: Without the constraints of memory and storage, the team is able to push the visuals, absolutely packing them with detail and life.īeyond this though, individual sections of the game's stages have been dramatically altered, with different landscapes, altered enemy patterns and new phases for boss fights. What makes this an ambitious remake? Well, it begins by recreating the Super NES original with greatly enhanced, higher-resolution pixel art. ![]() Pocky and Rocky includes some beautiful stages and boss encounters. Once completed, however, you can also jump into free mode allowing you to select any character you've unlocked and play through the game in two player mode without any interstitial scenes. The initial available mode is a story mode which asks you to take control each of the various characters with story sequences dividing up the stages. You begin the game as the shrine maiden Pocky, while making your way through each stage taking out foes along the way. Like the original, Reshrined is effectively a run n' gun shooter played from an overhead perspective. I'm happy to report that the remake of Pocky and Rocky excels in the same way - and might also be the team's most ambitious re-creation yet. While simple in concept, the execution is superb with some of the best pixel art, music and design for games of this style. Tengo Project became the masters of revisiting games they had previously worked on while perfecting the formula with new features, an improved presentation and more. Around a decade later, the team had produced two reimaginings of its past works, with Wild Guns Reloaded in 2016 and The Ninja Warriors Once Again in 2019. In the modern era, the squad's first game as Tengo Project arrived in 2008 with the Xbox Live Arcade exclusive Omega Five, a horizontal shooter with a remarkable soundtrack. This includes games such as the seminal Shatterhand, Shadow of the Ninja for NES, two Pocky and Rocky games, The Ninja Warriors Again and Wild Guns - with the same three key members behind Tengo Project being involved in most of these releases. Watch the Pocky and Rocky Reshrined review in video form.ĭuring this era, Natsume quietly produced some of the very best action games ever. It was simply licensed out to, and developed by, Natsume's internal Japanese development team. It's also the first entry that would be released in the West under the title Pocky and Rocky - but unlike the arcade game, this one wasn't developed by Taito at all. It follows the same basic design of the arcade original but features far more scenario variation and creative level design pushing the concept further. ![]() Following its release in arcades, it would receive multiple ports but remained an exclusive to Japan - until 1992, when a home console focused sequel was produced for Nintendo's Super NES. Its core game design resembles Capcom's Commando from a year prior, but its unique themes and twist on that formula results in something truly magical. Created by Taito, Kiki Kaikai is an overhead run and gun shooter rooted in Japanese mythology. The journey from Super NES to modern platforms was a long one for developers Tengo Project, beginning in 1986 with an arcade game known as Kiki Kaikai. ![]() Reshrined is also a shining example of a Unity game done right on a technical level - more or less, anyway. As such, it goes way beyond a typical retro remake, preserving the action and aesthetics of the original title while significantly expanding its length and breadth. Perhaps that's what makes Pocky and Rocky Reshrined, a 2D scrolling action game for Switch and PS4, so compelling: it was developed by the same core staff that created the SNES version of Pocky and Rocky 30 years ago. Retro game remakes are tough to do well - in addition to making old games playable on modern hardware, you've also got to understand the intent of the original creators to keep the spirit of that game alive, especially if you're looking to produce a proper remake rather than a mere remaster. 1/31/2024 0 Comments Flac to m4a converter macAfter installing and launching this system, Click on Add File on the highest toolbar to find your FLAC files you want to convert into M4A. This application has a superb-trying and flexible interface. You need to use a third occasion program akin to Change to convert them to an iTunes suitable format equivalent to AAC (M4A). ![]() iTunes doesn't do something at all with FLAC files. Mean you can adjust bitrate, sample price, channel of a audio file so that you can scale back file dimension while maintaining audio high quality as excessive as possible. The know-how advancements in audio converter software program now afford us the flexibility to extract excessive-high quality audio from CDs or streaming companies, and duplicate those recordsdata and convert them to lossy codecs, like MP3, to make the information smaller and playable on cell devices.But drag and dropping a folder of audio recordsdata on to this app, hitting convert, and getting you recordsdata promptly spat out in the format you need is not precisely an amazing trouble both. I discovered myself shopping for CDs though I had the identical album in a compressed digital format because I knew the CD would sound higher. That phenomenon taught me an essential lesson in regards to the worth of high-quality music playback versus having enough music on a tool to last by means of retirement. ![]() You'll be supplied with detailed progress of every file's conversion and notified when encoding of all recordsdata is finished.I have been utilizing file compression and music archiving software since the standard music fireplace sale that got here along with file-sharing websites like Napster in the mid-'90s. The appliance will keep folders' structure, authentic tags and file names for all output MP3s. Simply add your audio and video for conversion. To FLAC Converter can encode the limitless variety of media recordsdata and folders. Rip Audio from DVD to MP3, WAV, FLAC, ALAC, M4A, AAC, and so forth. Form of like after they introduced USB on the first iMac now USB is the usual.In this half, we'll introduce the useful FLAC to M4A Converter that can assist you easily convert FLAC to M4A. AAC is superior to MP3, but they obtained accused of the same thing you wrote right here, as a result of not many other apps or units supported it initially. Then it added AAC, which is MP4, which scads of people thought was a proprietary Apple format, and got all loopy about. They do not reluctantly" acknowledge the existence of MP3 and MP4 iTunes first launched supporting solely MP3. Nevertheless, the user interface is straightforward to navigate and you may download the complete model free of charge.First, while Apple did create the ALAC format, it is now open source, flac to m4a converter mac free download so there is no monopoly. Freemake has a restricted variety of export formats, and it is slow. Open Online Audio Converter official website and upload your M4A file by clicking "Open files" button.Working as FLAC Encoder for Mac, it could convert and flac to m4a converter mac free download encode audio and video together with AIFF, WAV, ALAC, MP3, OGG, APE, PCM, MP4, MOV, WMV, AVI, H.264, and so on to FLAC. ![]() Possess less capabilities than FLAC to M4A Converter, and it has no downloading operate, and less modifying functions. He also addressed methods to play FLAC files immediately through iTunes and talked about that it was not reliable to do so. One of the many understated features in Mac OS X is the flexibility to natively convert audio to m4a immediately within the OS X Finder - without any further downloads or add-ons. 1/31/2024 0 Comments Cookie kawaii vibe lyrics![]() That is her ultimate launch main into her full following the thrill of her newest single “Fairly Lady”. Influenced by R&B and dance, “Let Me Rock” is multi-genre enjoyable that appeals to everybody within the membership, no matter id.Ĭookiee Kawaii has cultivated a hungry fan base with over 2 million month-to-month listeners and 1.4 million followers on TikTok. Here are some other topics based on Cookiee & The Monsters (Turn Me Up) by Cookiee Kawaii:, lilc4, dancing, spring, time, need, body, next, mine, vibe, turns. And what she has set about doing, succinctly put, is attracting him with her body. Kawaii is addressing a romantic interest. Cookiee Kawaii’s voice is carefree and ethereal, the epitome of celebration life as she leads the choir. OFB - Gang Lyrics Trap house vibe Listen up, listen up No you ain't no badman, bando I manage my ting like Adnan, sadman If I do swing my black hand, shing shao I was tryna ching that black man CID lurking in a black van, me and Mango that's Robin and Batman (My bro) Batman double tap that tryna clap man, gyal love vibe what about my gang gang. The looped strings on Violin fare better, as Kawaii reels off a mile-a-minute verse: I hit the bank then I cash out/Same way I hit the booth and I lash out, she raps, giving proof in the. Vibe by Cookiee Kawaii by SMF FebruPerhaps the neatest way to classify Cookiee Kawaii’s Vibe is as it being a twerk song. “Left, proper, let’s go / decelerate, transfer your hips.” The colourful beats and alluring lyrics make it completely essential to rise up and dance to this music. ![]() ![]() “Let Me Rock” retains you guessing with a strong, seductive refrain towards a fiery rap sequence that makes you wish to rise up and dance. I don’t see a correlation from the lyrics to the visuals. 2 Cookiee Kawaii Vibe (If I Back It Up) Cookiee Kawaii Vibe, Pt. Cookiee Kawaii wrote this monitor about letting free and having time, and her vitality is really infectious. omg I’m obsessed with cookie kawaii i didn’t know a music video was made for this song i only seen the cartoon one. Vibe (If I Back It Up) Cookiee Kawaii Violin Cookiee Kawaii & Dear Silas Vibe, Pt. His newest single “Let Me Rock” brings Rocky Snida for a membership banger that is certain to get everybody rockin’. Kawaii cookie is a queer artist taking up the Jersey membership scene along with her celebration anthems and raunchy lyrics. 1/31/2024 0 Comments Red fury unleashedThe Wet Tropics of Queensland was first inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1988. “We look forward to continuing success for the program.” ![]() “Fury passed with flying colours,” Ms Shirreffs said. The Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries carried out an independent validation process which required the dog and handler to complete a series of ten tests with at least an 80 percent success rate. Specialist training was provided to both Fury and her handler, Stuart Biggs, to develop the skills, teamwork and close bond that is essential for successful results on the ground. “The odour detection dogs will work primarily to survey residential areas and open suburban areas within the infestation and will also be used in the search for new infestations.” ![]() “We aim to obtain three more dogs and another handler as part of the program,” she said. Minister for the Environment Sussan Ley said that the move was an important breakthrough in addressing a major environmental and agricultural concern.Īuthority Chair, Ms Leslie Shirreffs, said the successful training of Fury now paves the way to extend the program. The innovative approach is part of the Australian and Queensland Government’s $18 million Yellow Crazy Ant Control project to eradicate the pest from Wet Tropics of Queensland World Heritage Area, where they were first detected in 2010.Īlthough trained odour detection dogs and handlers have previously been used to locate infestations of electric ants and red imported fire ants in Queensland, Fury’s success in being able to detect yellow crazy ants is a world-first. The ants are a serious environmental and agricultural threat, listed among the world’s most invasive species and after a year of training Fury has graduated to be the first capable of identifying their nests. The Hon Warren Entsch MP, Special Envoy for the Great Barrier ReefĪ pure-bred Labrador named Fury has joined the front-line protecting Australia’s Wet Tropics, becoming the first in the world trained to detect yellow crazy ants. This finishes A Rage Unleashed main mission in Red Dead Redemption 2. Now the next quest The Delights of Van Horn starts.įor more Walkthroughs with all gold medals, check out the complete Red Dead Redemption 2 Story Walkthrough.The Hon Leeanne Enoch MP, Minister for Environment and the Great Barrier Reef Now just ride towards Dutch and Eagle Flies to end the mission. Swim for shore within 1:30 and you will complete your gold medal objective. Once you are on a horse, point it towards shore and start swimming. Swim out to any of the three highlighted horses and mount one. You let the horses out of their stables so that they won’t drown, but they’re panicked and swim the wrong way. ![]() GOLD MEDAL: Round up the horses and reach shore within 1 minute 30 secondsĭutch isn’t much of a sailor either, and the boat runs aground.Dutch suggests dynamite and Arthur just does it without even considering any alternatives. Dutch will tell you to release the anchor, but you don’t know how. Sneak straight ahead and do another Stealth Knockout.Īfter this, there are three more guards at the bow playing cards who you can deal with however you want. ![]() “When I heard that there had been a plane crash, I just knew Ronnie was one of the ones that didn’t make it,” the singer’s widow Judy Van Zant Jenness told Team Rock’s Jaan Uhelszki in 2016. “Of course I said, ‘Ronnie, don’t talk like that,’ but the man knew his destiny.” On October 20th, he was 87 days from his limit. “Ronnie and I were in Tokyo, Japan, and Ronnie told me that he’d never live to see 30, and that he was going to go out with his boots on – in other words, on the road,” recalled Pyle on Behind the Music. On numerous occasions he proclaimed that he would never reach his 30th birthday. Many in the band’s circle believe Van Zant had a premonition of his fate. While their bodies recovered, they’d never again be reunited with the voice that made songs like “Free Bird” and “Sweet Home Alabama” perennial anthems of Southern rock. The 20 survivors endured shattered bones, torn flesh, lengthy hospitalizations and grueling rehabilitations. ![]() Less than three hours later the twin-engine would plummet from the sky and into the darkened swamps of Gillsburg, Mississippi, claiming the lives of Van Zant, Steve and Cassie Gaines, assistant road manager Dean Kilpatrick, pilot Walter McCreary and co-pilot William Gray Jr. We’ve got a gig to do,'” remembers Rossington.įorty years later, his words resonate like a dare to the gods. “Ronnie said, ‘Hey, if the Lord wants you to die on this plane, when it’s your time, it’s your time. “He said, ‘I’m not gonna get on it because it’s not right.'” But the band’s frontman remained almost eerily calm. “He didn’t want to get on that plane,” Gary Rossington told the Orlando Sentinel in 1988. Guitarist Allen Collins was equally apprehensive. Cassie Gaines, a member of the backing vocal trio known as the Honkettes and sister of guitarist Steve Gaines, was so petrified that she nearly squeezed in the band’s cramped equipment truck until she was reluctantly persuaded to board the aircraft. “Our wives, everyone were afraid for us to get on this thing, but we didn’t know any better,” keyboardist Billy Powell said on a 1997 episode of VH1’s Behind the Music. Still, one final hop on the Convair felt like one too many for most in their entourage. Surely they needed something better than a bucket of bolts to shuttle them there?Īfter making the 600-mile trip from Greenville to Baton Rouge, where they were due to play the following night at Louisiana State University, Lynyrd Skynyrd planned to acquire a Learjet, the air chariot of choice for the Seventies rock elite. ![]() The ambitious trek, their largest to date, would see the band achieve its dream of playing New York’s Madison Square Garden. Their latest album, Street Survivors, had gone gold upon its release three days earlier, and the first five dates of the accompanying tour had been met with rapturous crowds throughout their native Southland. The scary incident convinced the group that they needed to upgrade their vehicle to something befitting their status as one of the biggest acts in music. ![]() The 10-foot flames seen shooting out of the right engine two days earlier had done little to inspire anyone’s confidence. “We were flying in a plane that looked like it belonged to the Clampett family,” drummer Artimus Pyle later said. And they had good reason to be: Lynyrd Skynyrd‘s rickety Convair 240, pushing 30 years old, was obviously past its prime. Ronnie Van Zant’s bandmates were anxious as they prepared to board their leased plane at Greenville, South Carolina’s Downtown Airport on the afternoon of October 20th, 1977. 1/31/2024 0 Comments Signalscope electric fish![]() The new research identifies the genetic factors the electric eel used to create an organ that can deliver a jolt several times more powerful than standard household current.Įlectric fish have long fascinated humans. The new work, which includes the first draft assembly of the complete genome of an electric fish, the South American electric eel, identifies the genetic factors and developmental paths the animals used to create an organ that, in some instances, can deliver a jolt several times more powerful than the current from a standard household electrical outlet. Their taxonomic diversity is so great that Darwin himself cited electric fishes as critical examples of convergent evolution, where unrelated animals independently evolve similar traits to adapt to a particular environment or ecological niche. Worldwide, there are hundreds of electric fish in six broad lineages. “What is amazing is that the electric organ arose independently six times in the course of evolutionary history,” says Lindsay Traeger, a UW–Madison graduate student in genetics and a co-lead author of the new report along with Jason Gallant, an assistant professor of zoology at Michigan State University.Īdds Gallant: “The surprising result of our study is that electric fish seem to use the same ‘genetic toolbox’ to build their electric organ,” despite the fact that they evolved independently. The study published in Science provides evidence to support the idea that the six electric fish lineages, all of which evolved independently, used essentially the same genes and developmental and cellular pathways to make an electric organ, needed for defense, predation, navigation and communication. “These fish have converted a muscle to an electric organ,” explains Sussman, a professor of biochemistry and director of the UW–Madison Biotechnology Center, who first undertook the exploration of the electric organ almost a decade ago. The work establishes the genetic basis for the electric organ, an anatomical feature found only in fish and that evolved independently half a dozen times in environments ranging from the flooded forests of the Amazon to murky marine environments. Writing Jin the journal Science, a team of researchers led by Michael Sussman of the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Harold Zakon of the University of Texas at Austin and Manoj Samanta of the Systemix Institute in Redmond, Washington identifies the regulatory molecules involved in the genetic and developmental pathways that electric fish have used to convert a simple muscle into an organ capable of generating a potent electrical field. Scientists have found how the electric fish evolved its jolt. New research, which includes the first draft assembly of the complete genome of an electric fish, the South American electric eel, identifies the genetic factors the animals used to create an organ that can deliver a jolt several times more powerful than standard household current. |
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